This article argues in a general sense that accountability of police, especially regarding police officers' discretionary authority, requires both external oversight mechanisms as well as improved training so that police officers can be accountable at an individual level. 

Anna Crehan, Ruth Delaforce and Brett Shipton, 'A new focus for accountability: enabling police to act well' (2025) 37(4) Current Issues in Criminal Justice 554

The law places limits on how police operate. Within those limits, police have a large amount of discretion about how they act. The way police use their discretion shapes people’s experiences with the criminal legal system and has been repeatedly linked to the over-representation of Aboriginal people in custody.

Document

Anna Crehan, Ruth Delaforce and Brett Shipton, 'A new focus for accountability: enabling police to act well' (2025) 37(4) Current Issues in Criminal Justice 554

Police discretion